04/17/07
Genetics tests could help provide cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with targeted treatment, according to results of a clinical trial published March 29, 2007 in BMC Medicine. The results of the French clinical trial show how a small percentage of CF sufferers with a rare genetic stop mutation responded positively to gentamicin treatment.
Aleksander Edelman and Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus of Faculté de Médicine Necker in Paris led collaborators from several French institutions studying how the antibiotic gentamicin affected CF patients with a stop mutation. The team used a dual reporter gene assay first in vitro and then in CF patients. The study found that a small subgroup of patients with the Y122X mutation responded to gentamicin treatment.
Cystic fibrosis is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the Cystic Fibrosis Transmemrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein. Over 1,500 mutations have been described since this gene’s discovery. Premature stop mutations, which include Y122X, are found in around 10% of CF patients. Gentamicin reversed stop codons in the Y122X gene, and helped restore the CFTR protein, improving patients’ respiration.
Gentamicin itself may not be an ideal drug option, as it may cause serious side effects for some patients, including ear and kidney damage. The authors suggest that other drugs, such as amikacin or PTC124, with a comparable mode of action and fewer side effects, may have treatment potential. The in vitro method used to predict the trial’s outcome could be a first step to developing treatments effective for patients with CF and other diseases where premature stop codons play a role.
